Introduction The sand management strategy should, as a fundamental principle, encompass all systems likely to be expose…

Definition of Formation Damage Unintended impedance  to the flow of fluids into, or out of, a wellbore. It relates to…

A subsea connection system, often referred to as a subsea tie-in spool, is a critical component used in offshore oil an…

Conventional trees, commonly known as vertical trees, are the original subsea xmas tree design. The horizontal tree was…