Introduction Geophysical surveys make measurements of the seabed and the sub-seabed using sound or, at close quarters, …

Introduction The subsea drilling and production business is dependent upon a variety of vessels to support exploration …

A subsea connection system, often referred to as a subsea tie-in spool, is a critical component used in offshore oil an…

Conventional trees, commonly known as vertical trees, are the original subsea xmas tree design. The horizontal tree was…

In the fast-paced world of the oil and gas industry, accurate unit conversion is more than just a necessary skill—it…

A subsea Christmas tree, also known as a "subsea wellhead" or "subsea production tree," is an ess…

Components of subsea Xmas tree vary according toe the specific design requirements of specific subsea fields.  Typical …

Metal to Metal Annulus Seal Assembly The metal-to-metal annulus seal assembly is used to seal off the casing string ann…

A subsea wellhead system mainly consists of wellhead housing, conductor housing, casing hangers, annulus seals, and gu…