A subsea connection system, often referred to as a subsea tie-in spool, is a critical component used in offshore oil an…

Conventional trees, commonly known as vertical trees, are the original subsea xmas tree design. The horizontal tree was…

In the fast-paced world of the oil and gas industry, accurate unit conversion is more than just a necessary skill—it…

Gas compressibility factor (Z) is a crucial parameter in the study of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. It is a measu…

A subsea Christmas tree, also known as a "subsea wellhead" or "subsea production tree," is an ess…

A Field Development Plan (FDP) is a comprehensive document that outlines the strategies, methodologies, and activities …

Components of subsea Xmas tree vary according toe the specific design requirements of specific subsea fields.  Typical …